Numbers

See also:

• Computers: Computer Science: Distributed Computing: Projects: Cryptography  (15)
• Science: Math: Number Theory: Factoring  (48)
• Science: Math: Recreations: Specific Numbers  (182)

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• The Prime Pages   - Prime number research, records and resources. Includes largest known primes, finding and proving primes, glossary, curios, links.
• The Prime Puzzles & Problems Connection   - Carlos Rivera's collection of problems and puzzles related to prime numbers.

• Animation of Eratosthenes' Prime Sieve - An interactive animation of the sieve of Eratosthenes to obtain prime numbers (JavaScript required).
• Applets for Prime Numbers - Factorization and weights of Proth coefficients.
• Are the Prime Numbers Randomly Distributed? - Web article by Johan G. van der Galiën. Shows that smaller starting digits are more common for primes below 10^9.
• Ask Dr. Math FAQ: Prime Numbers - Archived questions and answers at different levels.
• Bertrand's Postulate - International Mathematics Olympiad tutorial proving there is always a prime between n and 2n. [PDF]
• Cunningham Chain Records - Sequences of nearly doubled primes, maintained by Dirk Augustin.
• Electronic Frontier Foundation: Cooperative Computing Awards - Offers $100000, $150000 and $250000 for the first discovery of a prime above 10, 100 and 1000 million digits.
• Entropy and Prime Numbers - Entropy of a nonnegative adjacency matrix related to prime numbers.
• The First 5,800,000 Prime Numbers - Site includes known primes k*2^n-1 for k=301 to 999.
• Formulae for Primes - Includes a formula by Jones, Sato, Wada and Wiens. The set of primes is the set of positive values taken by this expression.
• Generalized Fermat Prime Search - Software, results and other resources.
• Generalized Woodall Numbers - An organized search for primes of the form n*b^n-1.
• Hardy-Littlewood Constants - Infinite series over primes are the main topic in Hadamard-de la Vallée Poussin constants and in Brun's constant.
• Henri Lifchitz - Research in number theory, prime numbers and parity of arithmetic functions. Includes primality testing theorems and prime number chains. In English and French.
• Introduction to Twin Primes and Brun's Constant - An article by Pascal Sebah with the results of computation of the twin primes up to 5.10^15.
• Introductory Prime Number Theory Resources - Notes and links compiled by Mark Watkins on the relation of the Riemann zeta function to the distribution of prime numbers.
• Jens Kruse Andersen - Prime constellation records. Arithmetic progressions, simultaneous primes, prime gaps.
• K-Tuple Permissible Patterns - Findings using an exhaustive search by Thomas J Engelsma.
• MacTutor History of Mathematics: Prime Numbers - Includes biographies on many mathematicians.
• MathWorld: Prime Numbers - Index to hundreds of prime-related articles in Eric Weisstein's MathWorld.
• The Nine and Ten Primes Project - The discovery of nine and finally ten consecutive primes in arithmetic progression.
• Notes and Literature on Prime Numbers - With applets to demonstrate properties of primes.
• Number Spiral - Explains this method of visually representing the distribution of primes and the relationships between factors and products.
• On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS): Primes - Index to information about many integer sequences involving primes. Site includes numerous other prime-related sequences.
• Patterns in Primes - Examples of mostly digit patterns collected by Harvey Heinz.
• Primality - Introductory text on the theory of prime numbers and number fields. Contains proofs of some important theorems including the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. [PDF]
• Primality Testing with Fermat's Little Theorem - Test numbers for primality and pseudoprimality in Java.
• Prime k-tuplets - Tony Forbes' extensive collection of special types of prime clusters.
• The Prime Machine - Explore interactively the Goldbach conjecture, the distribution of prime twins, the prime number theorem.
• Prime Music - A musical piece translating prime factorizations to frequencies. Requires RealPlayer.
• Prime Numbers - Short lesson.
• Prime Numbers and Factoring - Links and references related to primes and factoring.
• Prime Numbers List - Browse all prime numbers of less than 10 digits. A prime number checker facility is also included.
• The Prime Page - Methods and definitions of finding prime numbers.
• Some Prime Numbers - Sieves and factoring for small numbers. Download primes below 8 billion.
• Status of Search for Multifactorial Primes - An organized search for primes of the form (n)(n-k)(n-2k)...+/-1. Includes table of numbers searched and primes found.
• Thomas R. Nicely - Includes twin prime counts, tables of first occurrence prime gaps, papers.
• The Time Traveler - A group with new propositions in various areas of number theory.
• Visualizing the Distribution of Prime Numbers - Investigation into patterns in the distribution of the primes by visualizing them.
• Wikipedia: Prime Numbers - Index to many prime-related articles.
• World of Numbers: World of Palindromic Primes - Records, statistics, curios and puzzles about primes reading the same backwards. Compiled by Patrick De Geest.

• Bipeds and Prime Numbers - Graduation address by former professor of philosophy Garrett Barden. Mentions primes as sign of human curiosity. (September 18, 2001)